HDPE (High-Density Polyethylene) is a thermoplastic polymer belonging to the polyolefin family. It is produced via polymerization of ethylene (ethylene) with a low degree of branching, resulting in a high density and therefore better mechanical properties than standard polyethylene (LDPE).
HDPE is known for its rigidity, impact resistance, chemical resistance and low water absorption. The material is relatively inexpensive, easy to process (e.g., via extrusion or injection molding), and has a wide range of applications in both the industrial and consumer sectors.
Nylon is a polymer composed of long chains of repeating units formed by the polymerization of diamines and dicarboxylic acids. The material has a high melting point, a good strength-to-weight ratio, and good processing capabilities. Nylon is able to withstand both mechanical and thermal stresses well, making it ideal for applications from mechanical parts to textile products.
Nylon’s hydration is an important feature: it absorbs water from the environment, which can affect its mechanical properties, such as strength and ductility.
Technical characteristics
Specific gravity
~ 0.94 – 0.97 g/cm³ (higher than LDPE, but still lightweight)
Tensile strength
~ 20 – 37 MPa
Modulus of elasticity
~ 0.8 – 1.5 GPa
Elongation at break
10% – 100% (depending on type and processing conditions)
Impact resistance
Good, especially at low temperatures
Melting point
~ 130 – 135 °C
Chemical resistance
Very good against acids, bases and most solvents
Temperature range
-50 °C to +80 °C (above 80 °C it deforms slowly)
UV resistance
Moderate – may become brittle without UV stabilizers
Water absorption
Negligible / virtually zero
Water absorption
Excellent via extrusion, injection molding, welding